Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus)

Introduction
Tropaeolum majus, commonly known as nasturtium, is a strikingly vibrant plant recognized not only for its aesthetic appeal but also for its numerous health benefits. Native to South America, this plant has long been valued in both culinary and medicinal traditions. In recent years, scientific studies have further validated its therapeutic properties, making it a
significant addition to natural health practices.

Appearance and Characteristics
Nasturtium is an annual herbaceous plant characterized by its round, shield-shaped leaves and brightly colored flowers, ranging from deep orange to rich red hues. The leaves possess a peppery, slightly spicy flavor, adding a distinctive note to culinary dishes. This hardy plant is well-suited to sunny environments and is commonly seen trailing or climbing in gardens.

Historical Context
The name “nasturtium” is derived from the Latin words nasus tortus, meaning “twisted nose,” a reference to its pungent aroma and spicy taste. Introduced to Europe in the 16th century, nasturtium quickly gained popularity as both a culinary herb and a medicinal plant.
Indigenous communities in South America traditionally used it to treat wounds and as a remedy for inflammation. Over time, its applications expanded, and it became a staple in natural medicine across cultures.

Nutritional Profile and Active Compounds
Nasturtium is rich in bioactive compounds and essential nutrients that contribute to its health benefits:
 Vitamin C: A powerful antioxidant that supports immune function and skin health.
 Flavonoids: Compounds with antioxidant properties that help combat oxidative
stress.
 Glucosinolates: Sulfur-containing molecules with recognized antimicrobial and anti-
inflammatory properties.

Health Benefits
Scientific research has confirmed several health-promoting properties of Tropaeolum majus:
 Antimicrobial activity: Demonstrated effectiveness against bacterial strains such as
Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
 Anti-inflammatory properties: Shown to reduce inflammation in respiratory and
urinary tract conditions.
 Immune system support: High levels of vitamin C enhance the body’s natural
defenses.
 Rich in antioxidants: Protects cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Practical Uses
Nasturtium’s versatility allows for multiple applications:
 Culinary use: The spicy leaves and edible flowers can enhance salads, pestos, and garnishes.
 Herbal infusions: Fresh leaves can be brewed into a tea with mild antimicrobial properties.
 Topical applications: Crushed leaves can be used as a poultice for minor wounds and skin irritations.

References
Jakubczyk, K., Janda, K., Watychowicz, K., Lukasiak, J., & Wolska, J. (2018). Garden nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.)-a source of mineral elements and bioactive compounds.Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny, 69(2).

Garzón, G. A., & Wrolstad, R. E. (2009). Major anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of Nasturtium flowers (Tropaeolum majus). Food Chemistry, 114(1), 44-49.
Junior, A. G., Gasparotto, F. M., Lourenço, E. L. B., Crestani, S., Stefanello, M. E. A.,Salvador, M. J., … & Kassuya, C. A. L. (2011). Antihypertensive effects of isoquercitrin and extracts from Tropaeolum majus L.: evidence for the inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 134(2), 363-372.
Bazylko, A., Granica, S., Filipek, A., Piwowarski, J., Stefańska, J., Osińska, E., & Kiss, A. K. (2013). Comparison of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of the herb of Tropaeolum majus L. Industrial Crops and Products, 50, 88-94.